Hydrothermal Method to Synthesize Nanomagnetite by Water Extract of Averrhoa bilimbi : Effect of Time and Reactor Size
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55749/ijcs.v2i1.29Keywords:
Averrhoa bilimbi, Citric acid, Magnetite, Reactor sizeAbstract
Nanomagnetite was synthesized using water extract of bilimbi (Averrhoa bilimbi). The high citric acid content has the potential as a reducing agent in the synthesis of magnetite using the hydrothermal method. The synthesis was conducted using different sizes of hydrothermal reactors, 50, 150, and 1700 mL. The results showed that a reactor with a volume of 150 mL and a synthesis time of 12 h was the best condition for synthesis. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction analysis showed that in the best conditions, the crystallinity level was 74.4%, the ratio of product to volume was 3.7×10–2 g/mL, the Fe content in magnetite was 22.0%, the Fe content in the remaining liquid was 0.02%, the Fe ratio was 96.9%, and the ammonium content in the solution was 1.24% w/v. The best conditions were 150 mL reactor and 12 hours synthesis.
References
Marquez, F., Campo, T., Cotto, M., Polanco, R., Roque, R., Fierro, P., Sanz, J.M., Elizalde, E., Morant, C. 2011. Synthesis and characterization of monodisperse magnetite hollow microspheres. SNL. 1(2). 25-32. doi: 104326/snl.2011.12005. https://doi.org/10.4236/snl.2011.12005
Chen, J., Wang, F., Huang, K., Liu, Y., Liu, S. 2009. Preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with adjustable morphology. J. Alloys Compd. 475. 898-902. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.08.064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.08.064
Petrova, T.M., Fachikov, L., Hristov, J. 2011. The magnetite as adsorbent for hazardous species from aqueous solutions. Int. Rev. Chem. Eng. 3(2). 134-153.
Carlos, L., Fernando, S., Eischlag, G., Monica, C., Gonzalez, Martire, O.D. 2013. Applications of magnetite nanoparticles for heavy metal removal from wastewater. Waste water-treatment technologies and recent analytical developments. 3. 64-72. London: Intech Open. doi: 10.5772/54608. https://doi.org/10.5772/54608
Lv Wang, H., Wang, X., Bai, J. 2009. Synthesis, characterization and growing mechanism of monodisperse Fe3O4 microspheres. J. Cryst Growth. 311. 3455-3450. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.03.046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2009.03.046
Cheng, W., Tang, K., Qi, Y., Sheng, J., Liu, Z. 2010. One-step synthesis of superparamagnetic monodisperse porous Fe3O4 hollow and core-shell spheres. J. Mater. Chem. 20. 1799-1805. doi: 10.1039/b919164j. https://doi.org/10.1039/b919164j
Laurent, S., Forge, D., Port, M., Roch, A., Robic, C., Elst, L.V., Muller, R.N. 2008. Magnetit iron oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, stabilization, vectorization, physicochemical characterizations, and biological applications. Chem Rev. 108(16). 2069-2070. doi: 10.1021/cr068445e. https://doi.org/10.1021/cr068445e
Lian, S., Wang, E., Kang, Z., Bai, Y., Gao, L., Jiang, M., Hu, C., Xu, L. 2004. Synthesis of magnetite nanorods and porous hematite nanorods. Solid State Commun. 129(8). 485-490. doi: 10.1016/j.ssc.2003.11.043. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssc.2003.11.043
Kumar, K.A., Gousia, S.K., Anupama, Latha, M.N.L., Latha, J.N.L. 2013. A review of phytochemical constituents and biological assays of Averrhoa bilimbi. Int. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. Res. 3(4): 136-139.
Nowak, D., Gośliński, M., Przygoński, K., & Wojtowicz, E. 2023. Averrhoa carambola L., Cyphomandra betacea, Myrciaria dubia as a Source of Bioactive Compounds of Antioxidant Properties. Foods. 12(4). 753. doi: 10.3390/foods12040753. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12040753
Al-Kalifawi, E.J. 2015. Green synthesis of magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles by using al-abbas's (a.s.) Hund fruit (citrus medica) var. Sarcodactylis swingle extract and used in al-'alqami river water treatment. J. Nat. Sci. Res. 5(20): 125-135.
Athitan, A.S.S., Jeyasundari, J., Renuga, D., Jacob, Y.B.A. 2020. Annona muricata fruit mediated biosynthesis, physicochemical characterization of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles and assessment of its in vitro antidiabetic activity. Rasayan J. Chem. 13(3): 1759-1766. Doi: 10.31788/RJC.2020.1335789. https://doi.org/10.31788/RJC.2020.1335789
Roy, A., Geetha, R.V., Lakshmi, T. 2011. Averrhoa Bilimbi Linn-nature's drug store- a pharmacological. Int. J. Drug Dev. Res. 3(3). 101-106.
Liang, X., Wang, X., Zhuang, J., Chen, Y., Wang, D., Li, Y. 2006. Synthesis of Nearly Monodisperse Iron Oxide and Oxyhydroxide Nanocrystals. Adv. Funct. Mater. 16. 1805-1813. doi: 10.1002/adfm.200500884. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200500884
Gergely, G., Weber, F., Lukacs, I., Toth, A.L., Horvath, Z.E., Mihaly, J., Balazsi, C. 2010. Preparation and characterization of hydroxyapatite from eggshell. Ceram. Int. 36. 803-806. doi: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2009.09.020. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2009.09.020
Pradipta, A.R., Irunsah, A. 2022. Synthesis of Modified TiO2 Nanocomposite using Fe3O4 and Nickel as Photocatalyst in Reduction of Silver. Indones. J. Chem. Stud. 1(1): 8-12. doi: 10.55749/ijcs.v1i1.7. https://doi.org/10.55749/ijcs.v1i1.7
Yang, Z., Qian, H., Chen, H., Anker, J.N. 2010. One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of silver nanowires via citrate reduction. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 352. 281-285. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2010.08.072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2010.08.072
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Indonesian Journal of Chemical Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
