Multisensory approaches in Indonesian language learning for children with special needs: A literature review on inclusive and adaptive pedagogy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55749/sdes.v1i1.197Keywords:
Adaptive pedagogy, Children with special needs, Inclusive education, Indonesian language learning, Multisensory learningAbstract
Indonesian language learning plays an important role in developing communication, literacy, and social participation among children with special needs. However, many students experience barriers in understanding vocabulary, recognizing letters and words, organizing written language, expressing ideas orally, and maintaining attention during language instruction. These challenges indicate the need for adaptive learning approaches that can make language more concrete, accessible, and meaningful. This study aims to examine the application of multisensory approaches in Indonesian language learning for children with special needs. Using a literature review method, this article analyzes relevant studies, books, and educational references related to multisensory learning, inclusive education, special education pedagogy, and language instruction. The review shows that multisensory approaches integrate visual, auditory, tactile, and kinesthetic modalities to support students’ engagement and language development. In Indonesian language learning, multisensory strategies can be applied through picture cards, real objects, letter tracing, storytelling, interactive games, role play, audio-visual media, and movement-based activities. These strategies can support vocabulary acquisition, reading, writing, speaking, listening, and social communication skills. However, effective implementation requires teacher competence, appropriate learning media, classroom flexibility, and adaptation to different categories of special needs. This study highlights that multisensory learning is not merely a teaching technique, but an inclusive pedagogical approach that recognizes diverse learning pathways and supports more meaningful language learning for children with special needs.
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