Optimization of fiber optic backbone networks using minimum spanning tree based on Kruskal and prim algorithms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55749/rmm.v1i1.176Keywords:
Fiber optic network, Graph theory, Kruskal algorithm, Minimum spanning tree, Prim algortihm, Smart campus optimizationAbstract
Fiber optic cable has become the primary backbone infrastructure for modern campus communication networks due to its high transmission speed, large bandwidth capacity, and long-distance reliability. However, the deployment cost of fiber optic infrastructure is relatively expensive, particularly in star-topology network architectures that require extensive cable utilization. Therefore, network optimization is essential to reduce infrastructure costs while maintaining network connectivity and performance. This study proposes a graph-theoretical optimization approach for the fiber optic backbone network at Syiah Kuala University (USK), Indonesia, using the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) concept implemented through Kruskal’s and Prim’s algorithms. The existing network infrastructure was modeled as a weighted graph consisting of 29 vertices representing campus buildings and weighted edges representing fiber optic cable distances. Furthermore, a reconstructed network model was developed by assuming direct connectivity between neighboring buildings to obtain a more efficient topology configuration. The results demonstrate that both Kruskal’s and Prim’s algorithms produced identical MST structures with a total cable length of 5,632 meters. Compared with the currently installed network length of 11,175 meters, the optimized MST configuration reduced cable usage by 5,543 meters, corresponding to approximately 49.6% network efficiency improvement. The resulting topology also transformed the existing star-ring hybrid architecture into a more efficient tree-based backbone network. The findings indicate that Minimum Spanning Tree modeling provides an effective mathematical framework for optimizing fiber optic infrastructure in smart campus environments.
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