Occupational disease control through periodic medical check-up programs in the sugar processing industry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55749/jnms.v1i1.203Keywords:
Disease control, Industrial workers, Medical check-up, Occupational disease, Occupational health surveillanceAbstract
Occupational diseases and work-related health problems remain important challenges in industrial workplaces, particularly in the sugar processing industry, where workers may be exposed to physical, chemical, ergonomic, and psychosocial risk factors. This study aimed to analyze the role of periodic Medical Check-Up programs in supporting occupational disease control among industrial workers. A descriptive qualitative approach was used through field observation and interviews related to the implementation of Medical Check-Up programs at PT X Lampung. The program is conducted annually for all employees and includes health history assessment, vital signs examination, anthropometric measurement, physical examination, laboratory tests, urinalysis, thorax X-ray, electrocardiography, spirometry, audiometry, eye examination, heat stress assessment, and fitness-for-work evaluation. The findings show that the Medical Check-Up program supports early detection of occupational diseases and non-communicable disease risk factors, including hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, respiratory impairment, hearing loss, and cardiovascular disorders. Follow-up mechanisms are provided through the company clinic, external healthcare facilities, hospital referrals, health insurance services, and health education. The results indicate that periodic Medical Check-Up programs can serve as an important preventive strategy in occupational health surveillance, worker health protection, and workplace risk management. Continuous improvement is needed through risk-based examination planning, systematic documentation, medical follow-up monitoring, and the use of aggregated health data to support workplace health interventions.
References
1. Hanifa, S., & Wicaksono, K. E. (2025). Digital transformation of health services in Indonesia through the utilization of artificial intelligence, big data, and telemedicine: Systematic literature review-VOSviewer. Proceeding International Conference of Innovation Science, Technology, Education, Children and Health, 5(1), 181–192. Doi: 10.62951/icistech.v5i1.280
2. Hasan, M., & Ghosal, S. (2025). Unravelling inequities in access to public healthcare services in West Bengal, India: Multiple dimensions, geographic pattern, and association with health outcomes. Global Social Welfare, 1–18. Doi: 10.1007/s40609-025-00384-8
3. Islam, S., Muhamad, N., & Leong, V. S. (2023). Healthcare quality for Muslims: TCCM and TSR frameworks analyses. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 14(3), 775–798. Doi: 10.1108/JIMA-11-2020-0352
4. Kabia, E., et al. (2021). The hidden financial burden of healthcare: A systematic literature review of informal payments in Sub-Saharan Africa. Wellcome Open Research, 6, 297. Doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17228.1
5. Kalaja, R. (2023). Determinants of patient satisfaction with health care: A literature review. European Journal of Medicine and Natural Sciences, 6(2), 84–95.
6. Karim, M. R., et al. (2025). Determinants of patient satisfaction in a Bangladeshi public hospital outpatient department: A cross-sectional study. medRxiv, 2025.08.01.25332704. Doi: 10.1101/2025.08.01.25332704
7. Matin, B. K., et al. (2021). Barriers in access to healthcare for women with disabilities: A systematic review in qualitative studies. BMC Women’s Health, 21(1). Doi: 10.1186/s12905-021-01189-5
8. Misu, F., Gasbarro, D., & Alam, K. (2025). Inequality in utilization of maternal healthcare services in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review of the literature. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 29(6), 741–766. Doi: 10.1007/s10995-025-04111-9
9. da Silva Etges, A. P. B., Grenon, V., de Souza, J. S., Kliemann Neto, F. J., & Felix, E. A. (2018). ERM for health care organizations: An economic enterprise risk management innovation program (E²RM health care). Value in Health Regional Issues, 17, 102–108. Doi: 10.1016/j.vhri.2018.03.008
10. Shad, M. K., Lai, F.-W., Fatt, C. L., Klemeš, J. J., & Bokhari, A. (2019). Integrating sustainability reporting into enterprise risk management and its relationship with business performance: A conceptual framework. Journal of Cleaner Production, 208, 415–425. Doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.120
11. International Organization for Standardization. (2018). ISO 31000:2018 Risk Management — Guidelines. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization. Available online at: https://www.iso.org/standard/65694.html
12. The Institute of Internal Auditors. (2017). International Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing (Standards). Lake Mary, FL: The Institute of Internal Auditors. Available online at: https://www.theiia.org/globalassets/site/standards/mandatory-guidance/ippf/2017/ippf-standards-2017-english.pdf
13. Kızılboğa, R. (2013). Roles and responsibilities of internal auditors in the corporate risk management-oriented internal audit system. Turkish Journal of Administration, 476, 185–215.
14. Huo, M. L., Boxall, P., & Cheung, G. W. (2022). Lean production, work intensification and employee wellbeing: Can line-manager support make a difference? Economic and Industrial Democracy, 43(1), 198–220. Doi: 10.1177/0143831X19890678
15. Karanikas, N., Popovich, A., Steele, S., Horswill, N., Laddrak, V., & Roberts, T. (2020). Symbiotic types of systems thinking with systematic management in occupational health and safety. Safety Science, 128, 104752. Doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104752
16. Karanikas, N., & Pryor, P. (2021). OHS management systems. In The Core Body of Knowledge for Generalist OHS Professionals (2nd ed., pp. 1–50). Tullamarine, VIC: Australian Institute of Health and Safety. Available online at: https://www.ohsbok.org.au/chapter-12-2-ohs-management-systems/
17. Kortum, E., & Leka, S. (2014). Tackling psychosocial risks and work-related stress in developing countries: The need for a multilevel intervention framework. International Journal of Stress Management, 21(1), 7–26. Doi: 10.1037/a0035033
18. Koskela, L., Tezel, A., & Patel, V. (2019). Theory of quality management: Its origins and history. In C. Pasquire & F. R. Hamzeh (Eds.), Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (pp. 1381–1390). Dublin, Ireland: International Group for Lean Construction. Doi: 10.24928/2019/0259
19. Lambert, S. J., Fugiel, P. J., & Henly, J. R. (2014). Schedule Unpredictability Among Early-Career Workers in the US Labor Market: A National Snapshot. Chicago, IL: Employment Instability, Family Well-Being, and Social Policy Network, University of Chicago
20. Lee, B. C., Bendixsen, C., Liebman, A. K., & Gallagher, S. S. (2017). Using the socio-ecological model to frame agricultural safety and health interventions. Journal of Agromedicine, 22(4), 298–303. Doi: 10.1080/1059924X.2017.1356780
21. Leveson, N. G. (2011). Engineering a Safer World: Systems Thinking Applied to Safety. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. Available online at: https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262533690/engineering-a-safer-world/
22. Leveson, N. G. (2020). Safety III: A Systems Approach to Safety and Resilience. Cambridge, MA: MIT Engineering Systems Lab. Available online at: http://sunnyday.mit.edu/safety-3.pdf
23. Li, Y., & Guldenmund, F. W. (2018). Safety management systems: A broad overview of the literature. Safety Science, 103, 94–123. Doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2017.11.016
24. Lingard, H., Cooke, T., Blismas, N., & Wakefield, R. (2013). Prevention through design: Trade-offs in reducing occupational health and safety risks for the construction and operation of a facility. Built Environment Project and Asset Management, 3(1), 7–23. Doi: 10.1108/BEPAM-06-2012-0036
25. Lingard, H. C., Cooke, T., & Blismas, N. (2012). Designing for construction workers’ occupational health and safety: A case study of socio-material complexity. Construction Management and Economics, 30(5), 367–382. Doi: 10.1080/01446193.2012.667569
26. Liu, K. (2019). Regulating health and safety at the workplace: Prescriptive approach versus goal-oriented approach. Safety Science, 120, 950–961. Doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2019.08.039
27. Liu, R., Liu, H. C., Shi, H., & Gu, X. (2023). Occupational health and safety risk assessment: A systematic literature review of models, methods, and applications. Safety Science, 160, 106050. Doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2022.106050
28. Lo, D. (2012). OHS stewardship: Integration of OHS in corporate governance. Procedia Engineering, 45, 174–179. Doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.08.139
29. Lund, H. L. (2004). Strategies for sustainable business and the handling of workers’ interests: Integrated management systems and worker participation. Economic and Industrial Democracy, 25(1), 41–74. Doi: 10.1177/0143831X04040100
